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‎docs/forcings-email-archive/2025-04-15.md‎

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@@ -8,6 +8,18 @@ target="_parent">An evolving Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 7
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(CMIP7) and Fast Track in support of future climate assessment</a> preprint
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Table 1. Some errors have been found regarding the volcanic and solar forcing
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entries, which will be corrected for final submission.
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These are highlighted below in bold.
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Experiment short name | Experiment description | Anthropogenic Forcing | Volcanic Forcing | Solar Forcing | Start Year | End Year | Main purpose
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------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | --------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------
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amip | Atmosphere with SSTs and SICs prescribed | Time-varying | Time-varying | Time-varying | 1979 | 2021 | Evaluation, SST/sea ice forced variability
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piControl and/or esm-piControl | Coupled atmosphere-ocean pre-industrial control | All 1850, CO2 prescribed concentration or zero emissions | Fixed mean radiative forcing matching historical simulation (i.e. 1850–2021 mean) | Fixed mean value matching first two solar cycles of the historical simulation (i.e. 1850–1873 mean) | 1 | 400+ | Evaluation, unforced variability
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abrupt- 4xCO2 | CO2 prescribed to 4 times preindustrial | Same as piControl except CO2 concentration prescribed to 4 times piControl | Same as piControl | Same as piControl | 1 (branching from year 101 or later of piControl) | **300+ (1000)** | Equilibrium climate sensitivity, feedback, fast responses
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1pctCO2 | CO2 prescribed to increase at 1% yr-1 | Same as piControl except CO2 prescribed to increase at 1% yr-1 | **Same as piControl** | **Same as piControl** | 1 (branching from year 101 or later of piControl) | 150 | Transient climate sensitivity
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historical and/or esm-hist | Simulation of the recent past | All time varying, CO2 prescribed concentration or emission | **Time varying** | **Time varying** | 1850 | 2021 | Evaluation
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piClim-Control (amip) | Preindustrial conditions including SST and SIC prescribed | All 1850, CO2 prescribed concentration | Same as piControl | Same as piControl | 1 | 30 | Baseline for model-specific effective radiative forcing (ERF) calculations
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piClim-anthro (amip) | As piClim-Control except present-day anthropogenic forcing | All 2021, CO2 prescribed concentration | Same as piControl | Same as piControl | 1 | 30 | Quantify present-day total anthropogenic ERF
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piClim-4xCO2 (amip) | As piClim-Control except CO2 concentrations set to 4 times preindustrial | All 1850 except CO2 prescribed at 4 times preindustrial concentration | Same as piControl | Same as piControl | 1 | 30 | Quantify ERF of 4 × CO2
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CMIP Panel, WIP and relevant TTs are working on a dynamic format for the
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experiment specifications to ensure everyone can access the most up to date

‎docs/forcings-email-archive/2026-02-12.md‎

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# 2026-02-12 update
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## CMIP7 forcings: modelling centres’ update
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This update provides the status of the delivery of the CMIP7 forcing datasets including an important notification on the historical ozone (v1.2) dataset.
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The homepage for CMIP7 Forcings datasets can be found [here](https://wcrp-cmip.org/cmip-phases/cmip7/cmip7-forcing-datasets/).
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**Request for feedback**
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Given the update on the error in v1.2 historical ozone dataset and scenario forcing data availability below,
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we would ask modelling centres to provide feedback by completing [this form](https://airtable.com/applbQctZtl09L2Ga/pagKlDzoY8Fd0KCLL/form).
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**IMPORTANT: Updated dataset to address discontinuity between the PI control climatology and the historical ozone**
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A member of the community raised an issue with a discontinuity between the piControl climatology and the historical ozone.
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The full discussion is at https://github.com/PCMDI/input4MIPs_CVs/issues/400
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The ozone forcing providers have uploaded an updated version (v2.0) of the historical ozone concentrations to correct for the discontinuity in v1.2.
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The new historical ozone forcing v2.0, which can be found at [this link](https://esgf-node.ornl.gov/search?project=input4MIPs&activeFacets=%7B%22mip_era%22%3A%22CMIP7%22%2C%22institution_id%22%3A%22FZJ%22%2C%22source_version%22%3A%222.0%22%7D),
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has an increased historical ozone burden of about 10% (primarily due to a vertical shift in the stratospheric ozone distribution).
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The CMIP Panel co-chairs are recommending that, for modelling centres who rely on ozone as an external forcing, piControl, historical, and other relevant DECK (e.g., AMIP),
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simulations should be re-run with the v2.0 ozone if possible.
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For the piControl simulation, the 1850-1870 mean of v2.0 should be used (no specific piControl file will be produced for v2.0).
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For those modellers who are not be able to repeat the piControl simulations,
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using the v1.2 PI climatology or the 1829-1849 20251025 v1.2 data is fine, since it is expected to be close to the 1850-1870 mean of v2.0.
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However, it is preferable for a new historical simulation to be run with v2.0, if possible,
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and in advance of starting scenario simulations.
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If any modelling centres cannot re-run their historical simulations,
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they should contact the ozone forcing providers for guidance on use of future scenario ozone forcing files.
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If any modelling centres run historical simulations with both v1.2 and v2.0 forcing, these simulations would be of interest to the Forcings Task Team.
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**Available CMIP7 scenario forcing datasets**
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To access the summary of CMIP7 ScenarioMIP datasets click [here](https://input4mips-cvs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/dataset-overviews/#cmip7_1).
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The following scenario forcing datasets for the High (H) and Very Low (VL) scenarios are finalised and are now available:
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(1) Anthropogenic short-lived climate forcer (SLCF) and CO2 emissions: [IIASA-IAMC-vl-1-0-0](https://esgf-node.ornl.gov/search?project=input4MIPs&activeFacets=%7B%22mip_era%22%3A%22CMIP7%22%2C%22institution_id%22%3A%22IIASA-IAMC%22%2C%22source_version%22%3A%221.0.0%22%2C%22target_mip_list%22%3A%22ScenarioMIP%22%2C%22source_id%22%3A%22IIASA-IAMC-vl-1-0-0%22%7D); IIASA-IAMC-h-1-0-0 (DOI: [10.5281/zenodo.17981825](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17981825).)
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(2) Open biomass burning emissions: [IIASA-IAMC-vl-1-0-0](https://esgf-node.ornl.gov/search?project=input4MIPs&activeFacets=%7B%22mip_era%22%3A%22CMIP7%22%2C%22institution_id%22%3A%22IIASA-IAMC%22%2C%22source_version%22%3A%221.0.0%22%2C%22target_mip_list%22%3A%22ScenarioMIP%22%2C%22source_id%22%3A%22IIASA-IAMC-vl-1-0-0%22%7D); IIASA-IAMC-h-1-0-0 (DOI: [10.5281/zenodo.17981825](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17981825).)
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(4) Greenhouse gas concentrations: [CR-vl-1-0-0](https://esgf-node.ornl.gov/search?project=input4MIPs&activeFacets=%7B%22mip_era%22%3A%22CMIP7%22%2C%22target_mip_list%22%3A%22ScenarioMIP%22%2C%22institution_id%22%3A%22CR%22%2C%22source_version%22%3A%221.0.0%22%2C%22source_id%22%3A%22CR-vl-1-0-0%22%7D); CR-h-1-0-0 (DOI: [No DOI provided](https://doi.org/dev-test).)
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(6) Stratospheric volcanic SO2 emissions and aerosol optical properties: [UOEXETER-ScenarioMIP-2-2-2](https://esgf-node.ornl.gov/search?project=input4MIPs&activeFacets=%7B%22mip_era%22%3A%22CMIP7%22%2C%22target_mip_list%22%3A%22ScenarioMIP%22%2C%22institution_id%22%3A%22uoexeter%22%2C%22source_version%22%3A%222.2.2%22%2C%22source_id%22%3A%22UOEXETER-ScenarioMIP-2-2-2%22%7D) (No DOI provided)
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PLEASE NOTE: Version 2.2.1 of the ScenarioMIP stratospheric aerosol optical properties has been updated to version 2.2.2 to fix an issue with the tropospheric mask. This issue resulted in a ~10% discrepancy between pre-industrial and ScenarioMIP stratospheric aerosol optical depth. Version 2.2.1 has been deprecated and version 2.2.2 (accessible [here](https://eur05.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Faims2.llnl.gov%2Fsearch%3Fproject%3Dinput4MIPs%26versionType%3Dall%26activeFacets%3D%257B%2522source_id%2522%253A%2522UOEXETER-ScenarioMIP-2-2-2%2522%257D&data=05%7C02%7CEleanor.ORourke%40ext.esa.int%7C8e629563147841a4a17908de539c0630%7C9a5cacd02bef4dd7ac5c7ebe1f54f495%7C0%7C0%7C639040126755937301%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=zkRCokoVmfaEVjlr4J28Jda6gcwCRtn%2BN8CJjJXk7T0%3D&reserved=0)) should be used for ScenarioMIP runs. This only applies to ScenarioMIP files, stratospheric aerosol optical properties for DECK simulations are unchanged (version 2.2.1).
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(9) Solar: [SOLARIS-HEPPA-ScenarioMIP-4-6](https://esgf-node.ornl.gov/search?project=input4MIPs&activeFacets=%7B%22mip_era%22%3A%22CMIP7%22%2C%22target_mip_list%22%3A%22ScenarioMIP%22%2C%22institution_id%22%3A%22SOLARIS-HEPPA%22%2C%22source_version%22%3A%224.6%22%2C%22source_id%22%3A%22SOLARIS-HEPPA-ScenarioMIP-4-6%22%7D) (No DOI provided)
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(12) Population density: [PIK-vl-1-0-0](https://esgf-node.ornl.gov/search?project=input4MIPs&activeFacets=%7B%22mip_era%22%3A%22CMIP7%22%2C%22target_mip_list%22%3A%22ScenarioMIP%22%2C%22institution_id%22%3A%22PIK%22%2C%22source_version%22%3A%221.0.0%22%2C%22source_id%22%3A%22PIK-vl-1-0-0%22%7D); [PIK-ln-1-0-0](https://esgf-node.ornl.gov/search?project=input4MIPs&activeFacets=%7B%22mip_era%22%3A%22CMIP7%22%2C%22target_mip_list%22%3A%22ScenarioMIP%22%2C%22institution_id%22%3A%22PIK%22%2C%22source_version%22%3A%221.0.0%22%2C%22source_id%22%3A%22PIK-ln-1-0-0%22%7D); [PIK-l-1-0-0](https://esgf-node.ornl.gov/search?project=input4MIPs&activeFacets=%7B%22mip_era%22%3A%22CMIP7%22%2C%22target_mip_list%22%3A%22ScenarioMIP%22%2C%22institution_id%22%3A%22PIK%22%2C%22source_version%22%3A%221.0.0%22%2C%22source_id%22%3A%22PIK-l-1-0-0%22%7D); [PIK-ml-1-0-0](https://esgf-node.ornl.gov/search?project=input4MIPs&activeFacets=%7B%22mip_era%22%3A%22CMIP7%22%2C%22target_mip_list%22%3A%22ScenarioMIP%22%2C%22institution_id%22%3A%22PIK%22%2C%22source_version%22%3A%221.0.0%22%2C%22source_id%22%3A%22PIK-ml-1-0-0%22%7D); [PIK-m-1-0-0](https://esgf-node.ornl.gov/search?project=input4MIPs&activeFacets=%7B%22mip_era%22%3A%22CMIP7%22%2C%22target_mip_list%22%3A%22ScenarioMIP%22%2C%22institution_id%22%3A%22PIK%22%2C%22source_version%22%3A%221.0.0%22%2C%22source_id%22%3A%22PIK-m-1-0-0%22%7D); PIK-[hl-1-0-0](https://esgf-node.ornl.gov/search?project=input4MIPs&activeFacets=%7B%22mip_era%22%3A%22CMIP7%22%2C%22target_mip_list%22%3A%22ScenarioMIP%22%2C%22institution_id%22%3A%22PIK%22%2C%22source_version%22%3A%221.0.0%22%2C%22source_id%22%3A%22PIK-hl-1-0-0%22%7D); PIK-h-1-0-0 (No DOI provided)
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Please note that the [van Vuuren et al. (2025) paper](https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2024-3765/egusphere-2024-3765.pdf)
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has been resubmitted with updates to two scenario names (VLLO becomes VL and VLHO becomes LN) plus a new scenario (HL).
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The updated table can be found at https://wcrp-cmip.org/mips/scenariomip/ and below.
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The updated or new scenarios are highlighted in bold.
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Scenario | Scenario extension | Primary emission or temperature design criteria
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----------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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High (H) | H-ext | Emissions as high as plausible consistent with climate policy rollback
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**High Low (HL)** | HL-ext | High emissions until second half of the century, followed by rapid decline to net zero CO2 in 2100
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Medium (M) | M-ext | Emissions consistent with current policies frozen as of 2025
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Medium Low (ML) | ML-ext | Medium emissions until 2040 followed by gradual decline to net zero CO2 in 2100
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Low (L) | L-ext | Emissions consistent with staying likely below 2C and not returning to 1.5C before end of the century
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Very Low (VL) **(Formerly Very Low Low Overshoot; VLLO)** | VL-ext | Emissions consistent with limiting warming to 1.5C at the end of the century with overshoot as low as plausible
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Low to Negative (LN) **(Formerly Very Low High Overshoot; VLHO)** | LN-ext | Emissions consistent with limiting warming to 1.5C at end of the century with high overshoot compared to the VL scenario.
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Following the H and VL scenario forcings delivery, the CMIP Panel has decided that M and HL will be next in the running order.
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**Status of outstanding datasets**
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_Land use_
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Preparation of the final H and VL land use scenario forcing datasets is nearing completion and we are anticipating publication by end of February.
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_Ozone concentrations and nitrogen deposition_
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Due to delays in the dependent datasets, the delivery of H and VL ozone and nitrogen deposition scenario datasets is now estimated for 10 March.
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_Aerosol optical properties/MACv2-SP_
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The expected date for publication for H and VL aerosol plumes scenarios is end of February.
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_Future extensions_
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The timeline for future extensions will be confirmed in the coming weeks following delivery of the land use data.
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**Impact of delays on downstream activities**
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During November 2025, modelling centres completed a survey indicating likely initiation and delivery of CMIP7 DECK and Assessment Fast Track data.
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Around 14 centres responded that they were intending to provide piControl, historical,
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and H and VL scenario data by 1 July 2026 to support downstream activities including ISIMIP, CORDEX and ISMIP7.
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ISIMIP has recently strongly emphasised their preference to receive historical simulation data as soon as possible
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and scenario data ideally by May/June at the latest to allow for their contribution to AR7.
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**Where to ask questions and raise issues about the forcing datasets**
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These discussions are all being [captured on the input4MIPs GitHub](https://github.com/PCMDI/input4MIPs_CVs/discussions).
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Issues related to any datasets can also be raised here https://github.com/PCMDI/input4MIPs_CVs/issues.
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Please go to these pages to read and engage in any discussions.
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The page has search functionality so you can find what you need.

‎docs/forcings-email-archive/fix-md-table.py‎

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import re
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to_rewrite = """Experiment short name | Experiment description | Anthropogenic Forcing | Volcanic Forcing | Solar Forcing | Start Year | End Year | Main purpose
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-- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | --
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amip | Atmosphere with SSTs and SICs prescribed | Time-varying | Time-varying | Time-varying | 1979 | 2021 | Evaluation, SST/sea ice forced variability
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piControl and/or esm-piControl | Coupled atmosphere-ocean pre-industrial control | All 1850, CO2 prescribed concentration or zero emissions | Fixed mean radiative forcing matching historical simulation (i.e. 1850–2021 mean) | Fixed mean value matching first two solar cycles of the historical simulation (i.e. 1850–1873 mean) | 1 | 400+ | Evaluation, unforced variability
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abrupt- 4xCO2 | CO2 prescribed to 4 times preindustrial | Same as piControl except CO2 concentration prescribed to 4 times piControl | Same as piControl | Same as piControl | 1 (branching from year 101 or later of piControl) | 300+ (1000) | Equilibrium climate sensitivity, feedback, fast responses
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1pctCO2 | CO2 prescribed to increase at 1% yr-1 | Same as piControl except CO2 prescribed to increase at 1% yr-1 | Same as piControl | Same as piControl | 1 (branching from year 101 or later of piControl) | 150 | Transient climate sensitivity
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historical and/or esm-hist | Simulation of the recent past | All time varying, CO2 prescribed concentration or emission | Time varying | Time varying | 1850 | 2021 | Evaluation
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piClim-Control (amip) | Preindustrial conditions including SST and SIC prescribed | All 1850, CO2 prescribed concentration | Same as piControl | Same as piControl | 1 | 30 | Baseline for model-specific effective radiative forcing (ERF) calculations
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piClim-anthro (amip) | As piClim-Control  except present-day anthropogenic forcing | All 2021, CO2 prescribed concentration | Same as piControl | Same as piControl | 1 | 30 | Quantify present-day total anthropogenic ERF
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piClim-4xCO2 (amip) | As piClim-Control  except CO2 concentrations set to 4 times preindustrial | All 1850 except CO2 prescribed at 4 times preindustrial concentration | Same as piControl | Same as piControl | 1 | 30 | Quantify ERF of 4 × CO2
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to_rewrite = """Scenario | Scenario extension | Primary emission or temperature design criteria
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-- | -- | --
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High (H) | H-ext | Emissions as high as plausible consistent with climate policy rollback
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**High Low (HL)** | HL-ext | High emissions until second half of the century, followed by rapid decline to net zero CO2 in 2100
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Medium (M) | M-ext | Emissions consistent with current policies frozen as of 2025
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Medium Low (ML) | ML-ext | Medium emissions until 2040 followed by gradual decline to net zero CO2 in 2100
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Low (L) | L-ext | Emissions consistent with staying likely below 2C and not returning to 1.5C before end of the century
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Very Low (VL) **(Formerly Very Low Low Overshoot; VLLO)** | VL-ext | Emissions consistent with limiting warming to 1.5C at the end of the century with overshoot as low as plausible
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Low to Negative (LN) **(Formerly Very Low High Overshoot; VLHO)** | LN-ext | Emissions consistent with limiting warming to 1.5C at end of the century with high overshoot compared to the VL scenario.
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"""
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