feat(download): Allow downloading without installing

[rashil2000]

Description

Useful for:

• Users: to pre-populate the cache:
  • in case they need to install something later (i.e. no internet scenario)
  • in case they want to inspect the installer/archive for an application (without installing)
• Maintainers: to manually verify:
  • hash check failures
  • 404 errors (e.g. with aria2, sourceforge etc.)

The second scenario is perhaps the most useful personally because many people open issues about download failures, but I don't really want to install the particular app. So I can just do scoop download <app> to rectify the issue.

Motivation and Context

Closes #1804

Relates to #2293

How Has This Been Tested?

1. Simple test:
   

2. Above test with pre-filled cache:
   

3. Test 1 with 32bit download:
   

4. Test 3 with skipping hash check:
   

5. Test 4 with force download (overwrite cache):
   

6. Test with one app with unsupported architecture:
   

7. Test 6 with aria2:
   

8. Test with pre-cached install:
   

Checklist:

• I have read the Contributing Guide.
• I have updated the documentation accordingly.
• I have updated the tests accordingly.

[rashil2000]

Example: ScoopInstaller/Extras#7679

[niheaven]

Pretty job!

But bin\checkurls.ps1 and bin\checkhashes.ps1 are existed helper bins that work for these situation, so why not modify checkhashes? Since checkhashes will download the file into cache folder with version HASH_CHECK likes: cpu-z#HASH_CHECK#https_download.cpuid.com_cpu-z_cpu-z_1.99-en.zip, add a switch to let checkhashes correctly rename versioned cache may be useful.

BTW, bin\checkhashes.ps1 is not ported to bucket repos now, it needs to be added.

[rashil2000]

But we cannot use checkhashes as a sub-command of scoop, right?

I wanted to make this utility for both users and maintainers. Users might not be able to/comfortable in running a specific utility, only maintainers can.

[niheaven]

Why not separate these two features into two PR? scoop-download is here, while --no-update-scoop in another?

[rashil2000]

The new flag change was quite small and related to downloading itself, so I put it here.

I can make a new PR if you really insist.

[niheaven]

Yes, I think changes in scoop-install and scoop-vitustotal should be separated, that will make changing more clear, right?

[rashil2000]

Sure, will do

[rashil2000]

Created #4634

[niheaven]

The short params -h and -u seem to be confused, but I cannot figure out what will be better...

[rashil2000]

The short params -h and -u seem to be confused, but I cannot figure out what will be better...

Haha yeah, we'll update it if we find more suitable short forms