Merge branch 'main' into claude/fix-issue-1858-UjARA

* main: (62 commits)
  [`refurb`] Do not add `abc.ABC` if already present (`FURB180`) (#22234)
  [ty] Add a new `assert-type-unspellable-subtype` diagnostic (#22815)
  [ty] Avoid duplicate syntax errors for `await` outside functions (#22826)
  [ty] Fix unary operator false-positive for constrained TypeVars (#22783)
  [ty] Fix binary operator false-positive for constrained TypeVars (#22782)
  [ty] Fix false-positive `unsupported-operator` for "symmetric" TypeVars (#22756)
  [`pydocstyle`] Clarify which quote styles are allowed (`D300`) (#22825)
  [ty] Use distributed versions of AND and OR on constraint sets (#22614)
  [ty] Add support for dict literals and dict() calls as default values for parameters with TypedDict types (#22161)
  Document `-` stdin convention in CLI help text (#22817)
  [ty] Make `infer_subscript_expression_types` a method on `Type` (#22731)
  [ty] Simplify `OverloadLiteral::spans` and `OverloadLiteral::parameter_span` (#22823)
  [ty] Require both `*args` and `**kwargs` when calling a `ParamSpec` callable (#22820)
  [ty] Handle tagged errors in conformance (#22746)
  Add `--color` cli option to force colored output (#22806)
  Identify notebooks by LSP didOpen instead of `.ipynb` file extension (#22810)
  [ty] Fix docstring rendering for literal blocks after doctests (#22676)
  [ty] Update salsa to fix out-of-order query validation (#22498)
  [ty] Inline cycle initial and recovery functions (#22814)
  [ty] Pass the generic context through the decorator (#22544)
  ...

Author: carljm

.claude/hooks/session-start-web.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+# Install `gh`
+if ! command -v gh &> /dev/null; then
+    apt-get update -qq
+    apt-get install -y -qq gh
+fi
+
+# Install clippy and rustfmt for the active toolchain.
+rustup component add clippy rustfmt

.claude/hooks/session-start.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+# Dispatch to web hook if running remotely
+if [ "${CLAUDE_CODE_REMOTE:-}" = "true" ]; then
+  exec "$(dirname "$0")/session-start-web.sh"
+fi

.claude/settings.json

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+{
+  "hooks": {
+    "SessionStart": [
+      {
+        "matcher": "startup",
+        "hooks": [
+          {
+            "type": "command",
+            "command": ".claude/hooks/session-start.sh"
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    ]
+  }
+}

.github/workflows/ci.yaml

@@ -653,6 +653,7 @@ jobs:
         with:
           name: ecosystem-result
           path: ecosystem-result
+          if-no-files-found: "error"
 
   fuzz-ty:
     name: "Fuzz for new ty panics"
@@ -1019,7 +1020,8 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@b7c566a772e6b6bfb58ed0dc250532a479d7789f # v6.0.0
         with:
           name: benchmarks-instrumented-ty-binary
-          path: target/codspeed/simulation/ruff_benchmark
+          path: target/codspeed
+          if-no-files-found: "error"
           retention-days: 1
 
   benchmarks-instrumented-ty-run:
@@ -1052,10 +1054,11 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/download-artifact@37930b1c2abaa49bbe596cd826c3c89aef350131 # v7.0.0
         with:
           name: benchmarks-instrumented-ty-binary
-          path: target/codspeed/simulation/ruff_benchmark
+          path: target/codspeed
 
       - name: "Restore binary permissions"
-        run: chmod +x target/codspeed/simulation/ruff_benchmark/ty
+        # codspeed keeps changing the paths to the executable, so we have to be a bit more flexible
+        run: find target/codspeed -type f -exec chmod +x {} +
 
       - name: "Run benchmarks"
         uses: CodSpeedHQ/action@dbda7111f8ac363564b0c51b992d4ce76bb89f2f # v4.5.2
@@ -1106,7 +1109,8 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@b7c566a772e6b6bfb58ed0dc250532a479d7789f # v6.0.0
         with:
           name: benchmarks-walltime-binary
-          path: target/codspeed/walltime/ruff_benchmark
+          path: target/codspeed
+          if-no-files-found: "error"
           retention-days: 1
 
   benchmarks-walltime-run:
@@ -1141,10 +1145,11 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/download-artifact@37930b1c2abaa49bbe596cd826c3c89aef350131 # v7.0.0
         with:
           name: benchmarks-walltime-binary
-          path: target/codspeed/walltime/ruff_benchmark
+          path: target/codspeed
 
       - name: "Restore binary permissions"
-        run: chmod +x target/codspeed/walltime/ruff_benchmark/ty_walltime
+        # codspeed keeps changing the paths to the executable, so we have to be a bit more flexible
+        run: find target/codspeed -type f -exec chmod +x {} +
 
       - name: "Run benchmarks"
         uses: CodSpeedHQ/action@dbda7111f8ac363564b0c51b992d4ce76bb89f2f # v4.5.2

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,5 +1,60 @@
 # Changelog
 
+## 0.14.14
+
+Released on 2026-01-22.
+
+### Preview features
+
+- Preserve required parentheses in lambda bodies ([#22747](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22747))
+- Combine range suppression code diagnostics ([#22613](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22613))
+- \[`airflow`\] Second positional argument to `Asset`/`Dataset` should not be a dictionary (`AIR303`) ([#22453](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22453))
+- \[`ruff`\] Detect duplicate entries in `__all__` (`RUF068`) ([#22114](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22114))
+
+### Bug fixes
+
+- \[`pyupgrade`\] Allow shadowing non-builtin bindings (`UP029`) ([#22749](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22749))
+- \[`pyupgrade`\] Apply `UP045` to string arguments of `typing.cast` ([#22320](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22320))
+- \[`flake8-pie`\] Detect duplicated declared class fields in `PIE794` ([#22717](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22717))
+
+### Rule changes
+
+- \[`flake8-pyi`\] Fix inconsistent handling of forward references for `__new__`, `__enter__`, `__aenter__` in `PYI034` ([#22798](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22798))
+- \[`flake8-pytest-style`\] Support `check` parameter in `PT011` ([#22725](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22725))
+- \[`ruff`\] Add exception for `ctypes.Structure._fields_` (`RUF012`) ([#22559](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22559))
+- Many fixes are now marked unsafe if they would remove comments:
+    - \[`flake8-bugbear`\] [`B009`](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22656), [`B010`](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22657), [`B013`](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22658), [`B014`](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22659), [`B033`](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22632)
+    - \[`flake8-simplify`\] [`SIM910`](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22662), [`SIM911`](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22661)
+    - \[`pyupgrade`\] [`UP007`](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22772), [`UP039`](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22774), [`UP041`](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22773), [`UP045`](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22772)
+    - \[`refurb`\] [`FURB105`](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22767), [`FURB116`](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22681), [`FURB136`](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22680), [`FURB140`](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22679), [`FURB145`](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22670), [`FURB154`](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22669), [`FURB157`](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22668), [`FURB164`](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22667),[`FURB181`](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22666), [`FURB188`](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22665)
+    - \[`ruff`\] [`RUF019`](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22663), [`RUF020`](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22664)
+
+### Documentation
+
+- Add `--exit-non-zero-on-format` to formatter exit codes section ([#22761](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22761))
+- Update contributing guide for adding a new rule ([#22779](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22779))
+- \[`FastAPI`\] Document fix safety for `FAST001` ([#22655](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22655))
+- \[`flake8-async`\] Tweak explanation to focus on latency/efficiency tradeoff (`ASYNC110`) ([#22715](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22715))
+- \[`pandas-vet`\] Make example error out-of-the-box (`PD002`) ([#22561](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22561))
+- \[`refurb`\] Make the example work out of box (`FURB101`) ([#22770](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22770))
+- \[`refurb`\] Make the example work out of box (`FURB103`) ([#22769](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22769))
+
+### Contributors
+
+- [@alejsdev](https://github.com/alejsdev)
+- [@ntBre](https://github.com/ntBre)
+- [@caiquejjx](https://github.com/caiquejjx)
+- [@chirizxc](https://github.com/chirizxc)
+- [@denyszhak](https://github.com/denyszhak)
+- [@sjyangkevin](https://github.com/sjyangkevin)
+- [@MeGaGiGaGon](https://github.com/MeGaGiGaGon)
+- [@leandrobbraga](https://github.com/leandrobbraga)
+- [@MichaReiser](https://github.com/MichaReiser)
+- [@carljm](https://github.com/carljm)
+- [@amyreese](https://github.com/amyreese)
+- [@zsol](https://github.com/zsol)
+- [@harupy](https://github.com/harupy)
+
 ## 0.14.13
 
 Released on 2026-01-15.

CLAUDE.md

@@ -22,10 +22,16 @@ Run tests for a specific crate:
 cargo nextest run -p ty_python_semantic
 ```
 
-Run a specific mdtest (use a substring of the test name):
+Run a single mdtest file:
 
 ```sh
-MDTEST_TEST_FILTER="<filter>" cargo nextest run -p ty_python_semantic mdtest
+cargo nextest run -p ty_python_semantic --test mdtest -- mdtest::<path/to/mdtest_file.md>
+```
+
+To run a specific mdtest within a file, use a substring of the Markdown header text as `MDTEST_TEST_FILTER`. Only use this if it's necessary to isolate a single test case:
+
+```sh
+MDTEST_TEST_FILTER="<filter>" cargo nextest run -p ty_python_semantic --test mdtest -- mdtest::<path/to/mdtest_file.md>
 ```
 
 Update snapshots after running tests:

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -160,7 +160,10 @@ At a high level, the steps involved in adding a new lint rule are as follows:
 1. Create a file for your rule (e.g., `crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/flake8_bugbear/rules/assert_false.rs`).
 
 1. In that file, define a violation struct (e.g., `pub struct AssertFalse`). You can grep for
-    `#[derive(ViolationMetadata)]` to see examples.
+    `#[derive(ViolationMetadata)]` to see examples. You also need to add a
+    `#[violation_metadata(preview_since = "NEXT_RUFF_VERSION")]` attribute on your
+    `ViolationMetadata` struct. This adds the rule in preview, and the version will be filled in
+    automatically in the next release.
 
 1. In that file, define a function that adds the violation to the diagnostic list as appropriate
     (e.g., `pub(crate) fn assert_false`) based on whatever inputs are required for the rule (e.g.,
@@ -174,8 +177,7 @@ At a high level, the steps involved in adding a new lint rule are as follows:
     statements, like imports) or `analyze/expression.rs` (if your rule is based on analyzing
     expressions, like function calls).
 
-1. Map the violation struct to a rule code in `crates/ruff_linter/src/codes.rs` (e.g., `B011`). New rules
-    should be added in `RuleGroup::Preview`.
+1. Map the violation struct to a rule code in `crates/ruff_linter/src/codes.rs` (e.g., `B011`).
 
 1. Add proper [testing](#rule-testing-fixtures-and-snapshots) for your rule.
 
@@ -186,8 +188,9 @@ to call your new function at the appropriate time and with the appropriate input
 defined therein is a Python AST visitor, which iterates over the AST, building up a semantic model,
 and calling out to lint rule analyzer functions as it goes.
 
-If you need to inspect the AST, you can run `cargo dev print-ast` with a Python file. Grep
-for the `Diagnostic::new` invocations to understand how other, similar rules are implemented.
+If you need to inspect the AST, you can run `cargo dev print-ast` with a Python file or use the AST
+panel in the [playground](https://play.ruff.rs/?secondary=AST). Grep for the
+`Checker::report_diagnostic` invocations to understand how other, similar rules are implemented.
 
 Once you're satisfied with your code, add tests for your rule
 (see: [rule testing](#rule-testing-fixtures-and-snapshots)), and regenerate the documentation and

Cargo.lock

@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ regex-automata = { version = "0.4.9" }
 rustc-hash = { version = "2.0.0" }
 rustc-stable-hash = { version = "0.1.2" }
 # When updating salsa, make sure to also update the revision in `fuzz/Cargo.toml`
-salsa = { git = "https://github.com/salsa-rs/salsa.git", rev = "9860ff6ca0f1f8f3a8d6b832020002790b501254", default-features = false, features = [
+salsa = { git = "https://github.com/salsa-rs/salsa.git", rev = "0946cbd6478cf2bddfc9ac65b3c254c1f1b1bf95", default-features = false, features = [
     "compact_str",
     "macros",
     "salsa_unstable",

Cargo.toml

@@ -150,8 +150,8 @@ curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/ruff/install.sh | sh
 powershell -c "irm https://astral.sh/ruff/install.ps1 | iex"
 
 # For a specific version.
-curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/ruff/0.14.13/install.sh | sh
-powershell -c "irm https://astral.sh/ruff/0.14.13/install.ps1 | iex"
+curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/ruff/0.14.14/install.sh | sh
+powershell -c "irm https://astral.sh/ruff/0.14.14/install.ps1 | iex"
 ```
 
 You can also install Ruff via [Homebrew](https://formulae.brew.sh/formula/ruff), [Conda](https://anaconda.org/conda-forge/ruff),
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ Ruff can also be used as a [pre-commit](https://pre-commit.com/) hook via [`ruff
 ```yaml
 - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
   # Ruff version.
-  rev: v0.14.13
+  rev: v0.14.14
   hooks:
     # Run the linter.
     - id: ruff-check