PT (European Portuguese) Whitepaper Translation — 13 verified errors found

I reviewed the European Portuguese translation of the Bitcoin whitepaper (files/bitcoin-paper/bitcoin_pt.pdf) against the original English version (bitcoin.pdf) and found 13 objectively verifiable errors, including typos, mistranslations, verb conjugation errors, and a technical modification to source code.

All items below are demonstrable — no style preferences or subjective points are included.

This follows the same methodology used in Issue #4650 and PR #4652 (PT-BR translation), which was approved by @Cobra-Bitcoin.

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Category 1 — Typos and spelling errors (5 items)

1.1 Section 1 (end of Introduction, p.2): "coodenado" should be "coordenado"

• Missing letter "r". Original English: "any cooperating group of attacker nodes."

1.2 Section 3 (p.2): "items" should be "itens"

• "Items" is the English plural. The correct Portuguese plural of "item" is "itens."

1.3 Section 12 (Conclusion, p.9): "para para" — duplicated word

• Original: "messages are not routed to any particular place"
• Translation contained: "não são encaminhadas para para uma localização particular"

1.4 Section 5 (p.4): "mudarão para o maior**..**" — double period

• Extra period at end of sentence. Should be a single period.

1.5 Section 7 diagram (p.5): "Hash Raíz" should be "Hash Raiz"

• "Raiz" is an oxytone word ending in "z" — it does not take an accent in Portuguese.

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Category 2 — Verb conjugation and accent errors (4 items)

2.1 Section 11 (p.7): "Os nós não iram aceitar" should be "não irão aceitar"

• Future indicative, 3rd person plural of "ir" is "irão", not "iram". "Iram" does not exist in Portuguese.

2.2 Section 5 (p.4): "continuaram a tentar aumentá-la" should be "continuarão"

• Context is future tense ("Os nós consideram sempre a cadeia mais comprida como a correta e continuarão..."). "Continuaram" is past tense (pretérito perfeito), breaking temporal agreement.

2.3 Section 6 (p.4): "que inicía uma nova moeda" should be "que inicia"

• "Inicia" (3rd person singular, present indicative of "iniciar") is a paroxytone ending in "a" — it does not take an accent.

2.4 Section 6 (p.4): "do bloco que contem a transação" should be "contém"

• 3rd person singular of "conter" requires an acute accent: "contém."

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Category 3 — Mistranslation that alters meaning (1 item)

3.1 Abstract (p.1): "pagamentos interativos" should be "pagamentos online"

• Original English: "online payments to be sent directly from one party to another"
• "Interativos" means "interactive", not "online." The original refers to internet-based payments, not interactive ones.

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Category 4 — Omission and imprecise translation (1 item)

4.1 Section 1 (p.1): "mecanismos de garantia" should be "mecanismos rotineiros de custódia (escrow)"

• Original English: "routine escrow mechanisms could easily be implemented to protect buyers"
• Two issues: (a) "routine" (rotineiros) was omitted entirely; (b) "escrow" was translated as "garantia" (guarantee), which is imprecise — escrow specifically refers to funds held in custody by a third party until conditions are met.

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Category 5 — Orthographic inconsistency (1 item)

5.1 Section 11 (p.7): "transacções" should be "transações"

• The double-c spelling "transacções" was abolished by the 1990 Portuguese Orthographic Agreement (Acordo Ortográfico de 1990), in force in Portugal since 2009. The document correctly uses "transações" in all other occurrences — this is both an orthographic error and an internal inconsistency.

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Category 6 — Source code modification (1 item)

6.1 Section 11 (p.8): C function name was translated

• Original English: double AttackerSuccessProbability(double q, int z)
• Translation had: double ProbabilidadeSucessoAtacante(double q, int z)
• Source code identifiers should never be translated. Altering the function name breaks verifiability — anyone compiling the code gets a different function signature than the original paper. No other language translation of the whitepaper modifies the source code.

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Verified elements — no errors found

The following technical elements were checked and are correct in the translation:

• Mathematical formulas in Section 11 (Poisson distribution, probabilities)
• C source code logic (identical to original after function name restoration)
• Probability tables (all numerical values for q, z, and P)
• Storage calculation in Section 7 (80 bytes × 6 × 24 × 365 = 4.2MB)
• All 8 bibliographic references

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Next steps

A corrected PDF with all 13 fixes applied is ready for submission, maintaining the original formatting, diagrams, and layout. A follow-up PR will be submitted shortly.

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Sources: bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf (EN original) and bitcoin.org/files/bitcoin-paper/bitcoin_pt.pdf (PT translation)
Verification references: Acordo Ortográfico de 1990 (Portuguese Orthographic Agreement)
Related: Issue #4650 / PR #4652 (PT-BR translation corrections, reviewed and acknowledged by @Cobra-Bitcoin)