DeDup is a duplicate removal tool which searchs for PCR duplicates and removes them from your BAM file. We remove these duplicates because otherwise you would be artificially increasing your coverage and subsequently confidence in genotyping, by considering these lab artefacts which are not biologically meaningful. DeDup looks for reads with the same start and end coordinates, and whether they have exactly the same sequence. The main difference of DeDup versus e.g. `samtools markduplicates` is that DeDup considers _both_ ends of a read, not just the start position, so it is more precise in removing actual duplicates without penalising often already low aDNA data.
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