Use official Debian CRAN Docker container for checks

Co-authored-by: osorensen <21175639+osorensen@users.noreply.github.com>

Author: Copilot

.github/workflows/R-CMD-check.yaml

@@ -23,8 +23,6 @@ jobs:
           - {os: ubuntu-latest,   r: 'release'}
           - {os: ubuntu-latest,   r: 'oldrel-1'}
           - {os: windows-latest,  r: 'release'}
-          # CRAN-like checks on Debian (using ubuntu-latest with --as-cran)
-          - {os: ubuntu-latest,   r: 'devel', http-user-agent: 'release', as-cran: true}
 
     env:
       GITHUB_PAT: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
@@ -50,4 +48,3 @@ jobs:
         with:
           upload-snapshots: true
           build_args: 'c("--no-manual","--compact-vignettes=gs+qpdf")'
-          args: ${{ matrix.config.as-cran && 'c("--as-cran")' || 'c()' }}

.github/workflows/debian-cran-check.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# CRAN Debian incoming checks
+# Uses the official Debian-based CRAN check environment
+name: Debian CRAN Check
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [main, master]
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [main, master]
+
+jobs:
+  check-cran-debian:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/r-devel/rcheckserver/debian:latest
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Install package dependencies
+        run: |
+          R -e 'install.packages(c("remotes", "rcmdcheck"), repos = "https://cloud.r-project.org")'
+          R -e 'remotes::install_deps(dependencies = TRUE)'
+
+      - name: Run R CMD check with --as-cran
+        run: |
+          cd ..
+          R CMD build --no-manual BayesMallowsSMC2
+          R CMD check --as-cran BayesMallowsSMC2*.tar.gz