Fix EOL Python 3.8 base image in nyc_taxi_data_regression env_train

[Chakradhar886]

Update Dockerfile from python:3.8.13 to python:3.10 and bump all dependency version ranges to be compatible with modern Python.

The old python:3.8.13 image and pinned dependencies caused MLflow inference container crashes (HTTP 502 liveness probe failure) when deploying the trained model to managed online endpoints.

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