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Dulwich doesn't sanitize commit subjects in `porcelain.format_patch`

Low severity GitHub Reviewed Published May 28, 2026 in jelmer/dulwich • Updated Jun 11, 2026

Package

pip dulwich (pip)

Affected versions

>= 0.24.0, < 1.2.5

Patched versions

1.2.5

Description

Impact

dulwich.porcelain.format_patch(outdir=...) derives each patch filename from the commit's subject line. Prior to this fix, get_summary only replaced spaces with dashes - path separators (/, ), parent-directory components (..), and other filename-hostile characters (e.g. :) were preserved verbatim and passed straight into os.path.join(outdir, f"{i:04d}-{summary}.patch").

A malicious commit subject could therefore direct the generated patch file outside the requested outdir. Reduced examples:

  • x/../../x produced /0001-x/../../x.patch, resolving
    two directories above outdir.
  • x....\x produced the equivalent escape on Windows, here \ is also a path separator.

Related issues from the same root cause:

  • Subjects containing characters that are illegal in Windows filenames (e.g. :) caused format_patch to fail outright on Windows, where git would have succeeded.
  • Very long subjects produced excessively long filenames that could exceed filesystem limits; git truncates them.

Anyone calling porcelain.format_patch (or the dulwich format-patch CLI) against untrusted commits - for example, a service that runs format-patch over user-supplied repositories or pull requests - could have patch files written to attacker-chosen locations within the process's write permissions.

Patches

Fixed in Dulwich 1.2.5. Users should upgrade.

dulwich.patch.get_summary now mirrors git's format_sanitized_subject: only [A-Za-z0-9._] are kept, runs of other characters collapse to a single -, consecutive . collapse to a single ., trailing ./- are stripped, and the result is length-limited. This makes the returned string safe to embed as a filename component, so format_patch can no longer be steered out of outdir via the commit subject.

Workarounds

Until upgrading, callers that pass untrusted commits to porcelain.format_patch can:

  • Use stdout=True and write the patch to a destination they control, rather than letting format_patch choose the filename.
  • Validate the chosen path before opening - e.g. compare os.path.realpath(returned_path) against os.path.realpath(outdir) and reject any patch whose resolved path is not inside outdir.
  • Pre-screen commits and refuse to format any whose subject's first line contains /, , .., or other characters that are not safe on the target filesystem.

Resources

  • Fix commit: jelmer/dulwich@c2446e51b
  • Affected API: dulwich.porcelain.format_patch / dulwich format-patch
  • Reference behavior: git's format_sanitized_subject in pretty.c

References

@jelmer jelmer published to jelmer/dulwich May 28, 2026
Published to the GitHub Advisory Database Jun 8, 2026
Reviewed Jun 8, 2026
Published by the National Vulnerability Database Jun 10, 2026
Last updated Jun 11, 2026

Severity

Low

CVSS overall score

This score calculates overall vulnerability severity from 0 to 10 and is based on the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS).
/ 10

CVSS v3 base metrics

Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

CVSS v3 base metrics

Attack vector: More severe the more the remote (logically and physically) an attacker can be in order to exploit the vulnerability.
Attack complexity: More severe for the least complex attacks.
Privileges required: More severe if no privileges are required.
User interaction: More severe when no user interaction is required.
Scope: More severe when a scope change occurs, e.g. one vulnerable component impacts resources in components beyond its security scope.
Confidentiality: More severe when loss of data confidentiality is highest, measuring the level of data access available to an unauthorized user.
Integrity: More severe when loss of data integrity is the highest, measuring the consequence of data modification possible by an unauthorized user.
Availability: More severe when the loss of impacted component availability is highest.
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

EPSS score

Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)

This score estimates the probability of this vulnerability being exploited within the next 30 days. Data provided by FIRST.
(1st percentile)

Weaknesses

Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory. Learn more on MITRE.

CVE ID

CVE-2026-47712

GHSA ID

GHSA-555p-6grf-mh7f

Source code

Credits

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