Split Dockerfile in two stages: builder and runtime.

docker/Dockerfile

@@ -1,43 +1,80 @@
-FROM nvidia/cuda:12.2.2-devel-ubuntu22.04
+ARG UBUNTU_VERSION=22.04
+ARG NVIDIA_CUDA_VERSION=12.3.1
+
+#
+# Docker builder stage.
+#
+FROM nvidia/cuda:${NVIDIA_CUDA_VERSION}-devel-ubuntu${UBUNTU_VERSION} as builder
 
 ARG COLMAP_GIT_COMMIT=main
-ARG CUDA_ARCHITECTURES=native
+ARG CUDA_ARCHITECTURES=50
 ENV QT_XCB_GL_INTEGRATION=xcb_egl
 
-# Prevent stop building ubuntu at time zone selection.  
+# Prevent stop building ubuntu at time zone selection.
 ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
 
 # Prepare and empty machine for building.
-RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
-    git \
-    cmake \
-    ninja-build \
-    build-essential \
-    libboost-program-options-dev \
-    libboost-filesystem-dev \
-    libboost-graph-dev \
-    libboost-system-dev \
-    libeigen3-dev \
-    libflann-dev \
-    libfreeimage-dev \
-    libmetis-dev \
-    libgoogle-glog-dev \
-    libgtest-dev \
-    libsqlite3-dev \
-    libglew-dev \
-    qtbase5-dev \
-    libqt5opengl5-dev \
-    libcgal-dev \
-    libceres-dev
+RUN apt-get update && \
+    apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends --no-install-suggests \
+        git \
+        cmake \
+        ninja-build \
+        build-essential \
+        libboost-program-options-dev \
+        libboost-filesystem-dev \
+        libboost-graph-dev \
+        libboost-system-dev \
+        libeigen3-dev \
+        libflann-dev \
+        libfreeimage-dev \
+        libmetis-dev \
+        libgoogle-glog-dev \
+        libgtest-dev \
+        libsqlite3-dev \
+        libglew-dev \
+        qtbase5-dev \
+        libqt5opengl5-dev \
+        libcgal-dev \
+        libceres-dev
 
 # Build and install COLMAP.
-RUN git clone https://github.com/colmap/colmap.git
-RUN cd colmap && \
+RUN git clone https://github.com/colmap/colmap.git colmap_${COLMAP_GIT_COMMIT}
+RUN cd colmap_${COLMAP_GIT_COMMIT} && \
     git fetch https://github.com/colmap/colmap.git ${COLMAP_GIT_COMMIT} && \
     git checkout FETCH_HEAD && \
     mkdir build && \
     cd build && \
-    cmake .. -GNinja -DCMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES=${CUDA_ARCHITECTURES} && \
-    ninja && \
+    cmake .. -GNinja -DCMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES=${CUDA_ARCHITECTURES} \
+        -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/colmap && \
     ninja install && \
-    cd .. && rm -rf colmap
+    cd .. && rm -rf colmap_${COLMAP_GIT_COMMIT}
+
+# Add the installation directory to the PATH.
+ENV PATH="/colmap/bin:$PATH"
+
+
+#
+# Docker runtime stage.
+#
+FROM nvidia/cuda:${NVIDIA_CUDA_VERSION}-runtime-ubuntu${UBUNTU_VERSION} as runtime
+
+# Minimal dependencies to run colmap binary compiled in the builder stage.
+# Note: this reduces the size of the final image considerably, since all the
+# build dependencies are not needed.
+RUN apt-get update && \
+    apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends --no-install-suggests \
+        libboost-filesystem1.74.0 \
+        libboost-program-options1.74.0 \
+        libc6 \
+        libceres2 \
+        libfreeimage3 \
+        libgcc-s1 \
+        libgl1 \
+        libglew2.2 \
+        libgoogle-glog0v5 \
+        libqt5core5a \
+        libqt5gui5 \
+        libqt5widgets5
+
+COPY --from=builder /colmap/bin/colmap /colmap/bin/colmap
+ENV PATH="/colmap/bin:$PATH"