chore: remove redundant image-utils.ts

The image-utils.ts file contained duplicate functionality that was already
implemented more efficiently in image-wrappers.ts. All image processing
is now handled directly in the instrumentation wrappers.

- Remove unused image-utils.ts with redundant image processing functions
- Clean up images/index.ts exports
- Reduces code duplication and maintains single responsibility

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.ai/code)

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

Author: nirga

packages/traceloop-sdk/src/lib/images/image-utils.ts

@@ -1,10 +1 @@
-export { ImageUploader } from "./image-uploader";
-export {
-  processImageFile,
-  processAndUploadImage,
-  processImageArray,
-  isBase64String,
-  isDataUrl,
-  extractBase64FromDataUrl,
-} from "./image-utils";
-export type { ImageContent, ProcessedImage, ImageUploadCallback } from "./image-utils";
+export { ImageUploader } from "./image-uploader";